Abstract—Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) is a proven efficient geographical routing protocol for wireless adhoc network which is symmetric in nature. It also offers routing support for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). However, GPSR was designed for the symmetric links (bidirectional reachable), but sensor networks are often asymmetric in nature. Moreover in WSN the nodes are not designated through their IP addresses instead they are marked with their locations. So, when the destination is outside the boundary GPSR suffers by energy inefficiency as it has to trace through all the nodes in the boundary for reaching the destination. In addition to this, another key problem is data inconsistency which becomes a major challenge in deploying GPSR in WSN. In this paper a modified version of GPSR is proposed which identifies optimal route based on energy utilization and overcome problems in GPSR so that the feasibility of using GPSR in asymmetric WSN can be increased. The simulation results prove that the energy and delay is minimized and hence the proposed protocol outperforms the existing routing protocol for WSN.

Index Terms—Wireless sensor networks, GPSR, Ad hoc, Routing protocol

L. Nithyanandan is with the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College as Assistant Professor. (email:nithi@pec.edu)
G. Sivarajesh was with the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College as P.G.student.
P. Dananjayan is with the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College as Professor. (email: pdananjayan@rediffmail.com)

Cite: L. Nithyanandan, G. Sivarajesh and P. Dananjayan, "Modified GPSR Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks," International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 324-328, 2010.